separation, departure

, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, *) aor. , (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and in one dial. , (Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَرْغٌ and فُرْقَانٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) the latter of which has a more intensive signification, (TA,) He made a separation, or a distinction, or difference, (Msb, K, TA,) between the two things, (K, * TA,) or between the parts of the two things: (Msb:) relating alike to objects of sight and to objects of mental perception: (TA:) IAar, by exs. that he mentions, makes it to relate particularly to objects of the mind, such as sayings; and ↓ فرّق, to persons, or material things: (Msb: [and it is stated in the Mgh that the same distinction is mentioned by Az:]) others, however, state that the two verbs are syn.; but that the latter has an intensive signification. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [v. 28], فَٱفْرُقْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ ٱلْقَوْمِ الفَاسِقِينَ [Therefore decide Thou, or make Thou a distinction, between us and the unrighteous people]: accord. to one reading, فَٱفْرِقْ. (Msb, TA.) فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ, in the Kur [xliv. 3], means [Wherein] is made distinct [every firm decree]: (Lth, TA:) or is decided; (O, K, TA;) thus expl. by Katádeh. (O, TA.) And in the phrase وَقُرآنًا فَرَقْنَاهُ, (S, O, K, TA,) in the same [xvii. 107], (S, O, TA,) by فَرَقْنَاهُ is meant We have made it distinct, (S, O, K, TA,) and rendered it free from defect, (O, K, TA,) and explained the ordinances therein: (TA:) but some read ↓ فَرَّقْنَاهُ, meaning We have sent it down in sundry portions, in a number of days. (S, TA.) وَإِذْ فَرَقْنَا بِكُمُ ٱلْبَحْرَ, (O, K, TA,) in the Kur [ii. 47], (O, TA,) means And when we clave because of you the sea; i. q. فَلَقْنَاهُ: (O, K, TA:) another reading, ↓ فَرَّقْنَا, meaning we divided into several portions, is mentioned by IJ; but this is unusual. (TA.) It is also said that الفَرْقُ is for rectification; and ↓ التَّفْرِيقُ, for vitiation: and IJ says that دِيْنَهُمْ ↓ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ فَرَّقُوا, in the Kur [vi. 160, and the like occurs in xxx. 31], means Verily those who have divided their religion into sundry parts, and dismembered it, and have disagreed respecting it among themselves: but that some read فَرَقُوا دِيْنَهُمْ, without teshdeed, meaning, have severed their religion from the other religions [app. by taking it in part, or parts, therefrom]; or this, he says, may mean the same as the former reading, for sometimes فَعَلَ has the same meaning as فَعَّلَ. (TA.) IJ also says that فَرَقَ لَهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ signifies He made the thing distinct, or plain, to him. (TA.) ― -b2- فَرَقَ الشَّعْرَ بِالمُشْطِ, aor. and , inf. n. فَرْقٌ, He separated his hair with the comb: and رَأْسَهُ بِالمُشْطِ ↓ فَرَّقَ, inf. n. تَفْرِيقٌ, He separated the hair of his head with the comb. (TA.) [And it is implied in a trad. cited in the O and TA that فَرَقَهُ signifies the same as the latter of the two phrases in the next preceding sentence.] -A2- فَرَقَ لَهُ الطَّرِيقُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. فُرُوقٌ, (K,) The road presented itself to him divided into two roads: (S, O, K, TA:) or [it means] an affair presented itself, or occurred, to him, and he knew the mode, or manner, thereof: (TA, as from the K: [but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K:]) and hence, in a trad. of I'Ab, فَرَقَ لِى رَأْىٌ An idea, or opinion, appeared [or occurred] to me: (TA:) [or] one says, فَرَقَ لِى هٰذَا الأَمْرُ, inf. n. فُرُوقٌ, This affair became, or has become, distinct, apparent, or manifest, to me: and hence the saying, فَإِنْ لَمْ يُفْرُقْ لِلْإِمَامِ رَأْىٌ [And if an idea, or an opinion, appear not, or occur not, to the Imám]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- فَرَقَتْ said of a she-camel, and of a she-ass, (S, O, K,) aor. , (S, O,) inf. n. فُرُوقٌ, She, being taken with the pains of parturition, went away at random in the land. (S, O, K.) -A3- فَرَقَ, (O, K,) aor. , (K,) He voided dung; syn. ذَرَقَ [which is said of a bird, and sometimes of a man]. (O, K. [See also أَفْرَقَ.]) -A4- And He possessed a فِرْق [q. v.] (O, K, TA) of sheep or goats: (O, TA:) accord. to the K, of date-stones with which to feed camels: but the former explanation is the right. (TA.) -A5- فَرَقَهَا, (K,) inf. n. فَرْقٌ, (TA,) He fed her (i. e. a woman) with فَرِيقَة [q. v.]; as also ↓ افرقها, (K,) inf. n. إِفْرَاقٌ. (TA.) -A6- فَفَرَقْتُهُ ↓ فَارَقَنِى, aor. , [He vied with me in fear and] I exceeded him in fear. (Lh, L, TA.) ― -b2- See also 2, last sentence. -A7- فَرِقَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. , (Msb, K,) inf. n. فَرَقٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He feared; or was, or became, in fear, afraid, or frightened. (S, O, Msb, K.) You say, فَرِقْتُ مِنْكَ [I feared thee, or was in fear of thee]: (S, O, Msb: *) but you should not say, فَرِقْتُكَ: (S, O:) Sb [however] mentions فَرِقَهُ, suppressing مِنْ. (TA.) And you say also, فَرِقَ عَلَيْهِ [He feared for him]. (TA.) -A8- And فَرِقَ, aor. , He entered into a wave, [which is termed فِرْقٌ,] and dived therein. (K.) -A9- And the same verb accord. to the K, but accord. to Sgh [in the O] it seems, from the context to be فَرَقَ, (TA,) He drank (O, K) the measure called فَرَق, (O,) or with the فَرَق. (K, TA.)

, inf. n. تَفْرِيقٌ and تَفْرِقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) He separated it [into several, or many, portions]; disunited it [i. e. a thing, or a collection of things]; or dispersed, or dissipated, it; or did so much [or greatly or widely]; syn. بَدَّدَهُ. (K.) And فرّق بَيْنَ الأَشْيَآءِ [He made, or caused, a separation &c., or much, or a wide, separation, &c., between the things]. (Mgh.) [And فِيهِمْ فرّقهُ and عَلَيْهِمْ He scattered, or distributed, it among them, and to them.] See 1, former half, in five places. It is said in a trad. of 'Omar, فَرِّقُوا عَنِ المَنِيَّةِ وَٱجْعَلُوا الرَّأْسَ رَأْسَيْنِ, (Mgh, O, *) meaning Separate ye your cattle by way of preservation from death, [and make the one head two head,] by buying two animals with the price of one, that, when one dies, the second may remain. (Mgh, O.) And it is said in a trad. respecting the poor-rate, لَا يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ مُجْتَمِعٍ وَلَا يُجْمَعُ بَيْنَ مُفْتَرِقٍ There shall be no separating what is put together, nor shall there be a putting together what is separate. (TA. [The reason is, that by either of these acts, in the case of cattle, the amount of the poor-rate may be diminished.]) يُفَرِّقُونَ بِهِ بَيْنَ ٱلْمَرْءِ وَزَوْجِهِ [in the Kur ii. 96, meaning Whereby they might dissolve, break up, discompose, derange, disorganize, disorder, or unsettle, the state of union subsisting between the man and his wife, in respect of affairs and of the expression of opinion, or, briefly, whereby they might cause division and dissension between the man and his wife,] is from التَفْرِيقُ as meaning تَشْتِيتُ الشَّمْلِ وَالكَلِمَةِ. (El-Isbahánee, TA.) One says also, فرّق الأَمْرَ, meaning شَتَّتَهُ [i. e. He discomposed, deranged, disorganized, disordered, or unsettled, the state of affairs]. (S in art. شت.) And فرّق عَلَيْنَا الكَلَامَ [lit. He scattered speech (app. meaning he jabbered) at us, or against us]. (K in art. بق: see R. Q. 1 in that art.) In the saying in the Kur [ii. 130 and iii. 78], لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ [We will not make a distinction between any of them], the verb is allowably made to relate to احد because this word [in negative phrases] imports a pl. meaning. (TA. [See p. 27, 3rd col.]) See, again, 1, near the middle. -A2- فرّقهُ, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَفْرِيقٌ, (O, K, TA,) also signifies He made him to fear, or be afraid; put him in fear; or frightened him: (O, K, * TA:) and مِنْهُ ↓ أَفْرَقْتُهُ I made him to fear, or be afraid of, him, or it: (Msb:) and Lh mentions الصَبِىَّ ↓ فَرَقْتُ as meaning I frightened the boy, or child; but ISd says, I think it to be فَرَّقْتُ. (TA.)

, inf. n. مُفَارِقَةٌ and فِرَاقٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) He separated himself from him, or it; or left, forsook, or abandoned, him, or it: or he forsook, or abandoned, him, being forsaken, or abandoned, by him: syn. بَايَنَهُ; (TA;) and قَاطَعَهُ, and فَارَزَهُ; (A in art. فرز;) and تَرَكَهُ. (Msb in art. ترك.) And فارق ٱمْرَأَتَهُ He separated himself from his wife. (TA.) ― -b2- فَارَقْتُ فُلَانًا مِنْ حِسَابِى عَلَى كَذَا وَكَذَا I released such a one from my reckoning with him on such and such terms agreed upon by both: and so صَادَرْتُهُ عَلَى كَذَا وَكَذَا. (TA.) And فُورِقَ عَلَى مَالٍ يُوأَدِّيهِ He (an agent) was released from being reckoned with on the condition of his paying certain property for which he became responsible. (TA in art. صدر.) -A2- فَارَقَنِى فَفَرَقْتُهُ: see 1, last quarter.

They left their camels in the place of pasture, and did not assist them in bringing forth, nor have them got with young. (IAar, O, K.) ― -b2- And افرق غَنَمَهُ He made, or caused, his sheep, or goats, to stray; and neglected them, or caused them to become lost, or to perish. (TA.) ― -b3- And افرق He lost a portion of his sheep or goats. (IKh, TA.) ― -b4- And His sheep, or goats, became a فَرِيقَة [q. v.]. (IKh, TA.) -A2- افرق He recovered; (Lth, As, Az, S, O, K;) or recovered, but not completely; (As, O, K;) to which IKh adds, quickly; (TA;) i. e., a sick person from (مِنْ) his sickness; (As, Az, S, O, K;) and one fevered from his fever; (As, S;) and one smitten with the plague: (Lth, TA:) or (K) it is not said except in the case of a disease that does not attack one more than once, as the small-pox, (O, K,) and the measles. (O.) ― -b2- افرقت She (a camel) had a return of some of her milk. (O, K.) -A3- افرق said of a man, and of a bird, and of a beast of prey, and of a fox, He voided dung, or thin dung. (Lh, TA. [See also 1, last quarter.]) ― -b2- And افرقهُ He, or it, caused him to void dung; syn. أَذْرَقَهُ. (K. [But I do not find اذرق mentioned except as an intrans. v.]) See also فِرْقَةٌ, last sentence. -A4- افرقها: see 1, last quarter. -A5- أَفْرَقْتُهُ مِنْهُ: see 2, last sentence.

, inf. n. تَفَرَّقٌ (O, K) and تِفِرَّاقٌ, (K, TA,) with two kesrehs, but accord. to the “ Nawádir ” of Lh تَفْرِيقٌ, (TA,) [and in the CK تَفْراق,] It was, or became, separated, or disunited: or separated much, or greatly, or widely, or into several, or many, portions; or dispersed, or dissipated: contr. of تَجَمَّعَ: and ↓ افترق signifies the same: (K, TA:) and so does ↓ انفرق: (TA:) all are quasi-pass. of فَرَّقْتُهُ: (S, * TA:) [or rather the second and third have the former of the meanings mentioned above: and تفرّق has the latter of those meanings:] or ↓ اِفْتَرَقَا is said of two sayings, as quasi-pass. of فَرَقْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا: and تَفَرَّقَا, of two men, as quasi-pass. of فَرَّقْتُ بَيْنَهَمَا: (Mgh, * Msb, TA:) so says IAar: (Msb:) [but] one says also, افترق القَوْمُ [The party, or company of men, became separated; or they separated themselves:] (Msb:) and Esh-Sháfi'ee has used ↓ اِفْتَرَقَا as relating to two persons buying and selling; (Msb, TA;) and so have Ahmad [Ibn-Hambal] and Aboo-Haneefeh and Málik and others. (TA.) It is said in a trad., البَيَّعَانِ بِالخِيَارِ مَا يَتَفَرَّقَا i. e. [The buyer and seller have the option to annul their contract] as long as they have not become separated bodily; (Mgh, Msb;) originally, مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقْ أَبْدَانُهُمَا; for this is the proper meaning. (Msb.) تَفَرَّقَتْ بِهِمُ الطُّرُقُ [properly The roads became separate with them,] means every one of them went one [separate] way. (TA.) [And one says, تفرّقت الأَغْصَانُ (S in art. شذب, &c.,) The branches were, or became, or grew out, apart, one from another; divaricated; diverged; forked; straggled; or spread widely and dispersedly. And تفرّق أَمْرُهُ His affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, disorganized, disordered, or unsettled, so that he considered what might be its issues, or results, saying at one time, I will do thus, and at another time, I will do thus: see أَجْمَعَ; and شَتَّ: and ↓ افترق signifies the same: see an ex. voce فَشَا, in art. فشو. And تفرّقت كَلِمَتُهُمْ (K voce شَالَ, in art. شول,) Their expression of opinion was, or became, discordant: and تفرّقت آرَاوأُهُمْ Their opinions were, or became, so.]

They separated themselves, one from another; or left, forsook, or abandoned, one another. (TA.)

, of which مُنْفَرَقٌ may be an inf. n. [like اِنْفِرَاقٌ], as well as a n. of place, It was, or became, separated, or divided. (O, K.) See also 5. [Hence,] انفرق الفَجْرُ i. q. اِنْفَلَقَ [The dawn broke]. (TA.)

: see 5, first sentence, in three places: and also in the last sentence but one.

[is originally an inf. n.: but is often used as a simple subst. meaning A distinction, or difference, between two things. ― -b2- Hence,] The line [or division] in the hair of the head: (K: [see also مَفْرَقٌ:]) or, as some say, the part, of the head, extending from the side of the forehead to the spiral curl upon the crown: an ex. occurs in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb cited voce مَطْرَبٌ. (TA.) ― -b3- [And app. A blaze on a horse's forehead. (See an ex. voce مُعْتَدِلٌ.)] ― -b4- And [hence, perhaps,] one says, بَانَتْ فِى قَذَالِهِ فُرُوقٌ مِنَ الشَّيْبِ i. e. أَوْضَاحٌ [app. meaning There appeared in the back of his head portions of white, or hoary, hair, distinct from the rest]. (TA.) ― -b5- One says also of the female comber and dresser of the hair, تَمْشُِطُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَرْقًا i. e. [She combs and dresses the hair] with such and such a mode or manner [app. of combing and dressing or of dividing]. (L. [But the last word, which seems to be in this case an inf. n., is there written without any vowel-sign.]) -A2- Also A certain bird or flying thing; (طَايأِرٌ O, K;) not mentioned by AHát in “ the Book of Birds. ” (O, TA.) -A3- And Flax. (K.) -A4- See also فَرَقٌ, in nine places.

: see الفُرْقَانُ. ― -b2- It also signifies A certain vessel with which one measures. (TA. [See also فَرَقٌ.]) ― -b3- And [it is said that] الفُرْقَانِ signifies قدحان مفترقان [app. meaning Two separate bowls, or milking-vessels, supposing the former word to be قَدَحَانِ; the latter word being مُفْتَرِقَانِ]. (TA. [This is app. said in explanation of فُرْقَانِ ending a verse in which it means “ milkingvessels: ” but it is said in the S, and in one place in the TA, that it is in that instance pl. of فَرْقٌ or فَرَقٌ, q. v.])

A piece, or portion, that is split from a thing, or cleft therefrom; (S, O, K;) whence its usage in the Kur xxvi. 63: (S, O:) and a portion of anything (K, TA) when it is separated; and the pl. is فِرَقٌ: (TA:) or a portion that is separated, or dispersed, of a thing; and thus it is said to mean in the Kur ubi suprá; and the pl. is أَفْرَاقٌ, like أَحْمَالٌ as pl. of حِمْلٌ. (Msb.) See also فِرْقَةٌ. ― -b2- Also A great flock or herd, of sheep or goats: (S, O, K:) and (as some say, TA) of the bovine kind: or of gazelles: or of sheep, or goats, only: or of straying sheep or goats; as also ↓ فَرِيقٌ, (K, TA,) and ↓ فَرِيقَةٌ: (TA:) or less than a hundred, (K, TA,) of sheep or goats. (TA.) فِرْقَانِ مِنْ طَيْرٍ صَوَافَّ, occurring in a trad., in which the second and third chapters of the Kur-án are likened thereto, (L,) means Two flocks [of birds expanding their wings without moving them in flight]. (L, TA: but the first word, in both, is without any vowel-sign.) See, again, فِرْقَةٌ. ― -b3- And A set of boys. (O, K.) An Arab of the desert said of some boys whom he saw, هٰوأُلَآءِ فِرْقُ سَوْءٍ [These are a bad set of boys]. (O.) ― -b4- And A distinct quantity of date-stones with which the camel is fed. (K.) ― -b5- [And app. Any feed for one's beast: see an ex. in art. جل, conj. 4.] -A2- Also A mountain. (IAar, O, K.) And A [hill, or mountain, or the like, such as is termed] هَضْبَة. (IAar, O, K.) ― -b2- And A wave, billow, or surge. (IAar, O, K.) ― -b3- And الفِرْقُ is the name applied by the Arabs to The star [a] upon the right shoulder of Cepheus. (Kzw.)

Wideness of the space between the two central incisors, (IKh, S, O, K, TA,) of a man: (TA:) and likewise between the two toe-nails of the camel. (Yaakoob, S, O, K, TA.) And A division in the عُرْف [or comb] of the cock: and likewise in the forelock, and in the beard, of a man: (S, O, K:) pl. أَفْرَاقٌ. (S, O.) And sparseness, or a scattered state, of the plants, or herbage, of a land. (S, O, K.) ― -b2- In a horse, The state of the hips when one of them is more prominent than the other; which is disapproved: (S, O, K, TA:) or a deficiency in one of the thighs, in comparison with the other: or a deficiency in one of the hips. (TA.) ― -b3- Also The dawn: or الفَرَقُ signifies فَلَقُ الصُّبْحِ: (K:) or what has broken of the bright gleam of dawn; of the dawn that rises and spreads, filling the horizon with its whiteness; (مَا ٱنْفَلَقَ مِنْ عَمُودِ الصُّبْحِ [which is one of the explanations of الفَلَقُ in the K];) because it has become separated from the blackness of the night: (TA:) one says, أَبْيَنُ مِنْ فَرَقِ الصُّبْحِ a dial. var. of فَلَقِ الصُّبْحِ [i. e. More distinct than what has broken of the bright gleam of dawn]. (S, O, Msb, * TA.) -A2- It is also the inf. n. of فَرِقَ [q. v.: when used as a simple subst., signifying Fear, or fright]. (S, O, Msb.) -A3- Also, and ↓ فَرْقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the latte accord. to the usage of the relaters of traditions, (Az, Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) but the former accord. to the usage of the Arabs, (Az, Mgh, O, * TA,) or the former is the more chaste (K, TA) accord. to Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà and Khálid Ibn-Yezeed, (TA,) A certain vessel, (T, Mgh, O, Msb,) a measure of capacity, (S, O, K, TA,) of large size, (TA,) well known, (S,) in El-Medeeneh, (S, Msb, K,) holding three آصُع [a pl. of صَاعٌ], (Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) or, (K, [app. referring to ↓ فَرْقٌ only,]) which is the same quantity, sixteen pints, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, * TA,) i. e. twelve times the quantity termed مُدّ by the people of El-Hijáz: (TA:) or, accord. to El-Kutabee, the ↓ فَرْق is sixteen pints, and the صاع is one third of the فَرْق; but the فَرَق is eighty pints: or the ↓ فَرْق, he adds, is, as some say, four pints: (Mgh:) or it is four أَرْبَاع [pl. of رُبْعٌ, q. v.]; (K, TA;) thus accord. to AHát: and IAth says, the فَرَق is said to be five أَقْسَاط; [or six; (see قِسْطٌ;)] the قِسْط being the half of a صاع: but the ↓ فَرْق is a hundred and twenty pints: (TA:) in the “ Nawádir ” of Hishám, on the authority of [the Imám] Mohammad, the ↓ فَرْق is said to be thirty-six pints; but [Mtr says] this I have not found in any of the lexicons in my possession; and so what is said in the Moheet, that it is sixty pints: (Mgh:) the pl. is فُرْقَانٌ, (S, Mgh, O, K, TA,) which is of ↓ فَرْقٌ and of فَرَقٌ; (S, Mgh, O, TA;) and أَفْرُقٌ occurs in a trad. as a pl. [of pauc.] of فَرَقٌ meaning the measure thus called. (TA.) 'Áïsheh is related to have said that she and the Prophet used to wash themselves from a vessel called the ↓ فَرْق. (O, Msb.) [In a verse of which a hemistich is cited in the S and TA, the pl. فُرْقَان is used as meaning Milking-vessels. (See also الفُرْقُ.) Respecting a modern signification of ↓ فَرْق (A bale, or sack, of merchandise), see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., iii., 378-9 and 382.]