pagan, Jahili (pre-Islamic)

; (S;) and جَهِلَهُ, (Sh, Msb, K,) and جَهِلَ بِهِ (JK) [and مِنْهُ (see جَاهِلٌ)]; aor. , (K,) inf. n. جَهْلٌ and جَهَالَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُهُولِيَّهٌ; (TA;) He was ignorant; (S;) he was characterized by جَهْل in any of the senses assigned to this word below: (TA:) and he was ignorant of it; he did not know it; (Sh, JK, Msb, K;) contr. of عَلِمَهُ. (Msb, K.) You say, مِثْلِى لَا يَجْهَلُ مِثْلَكَ The like of me will not be ignorant of the like of thee. (Sh, TA.) And جَهِلَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ He acted in an ignorant or a silly or foolish manner towards another: and wrongly. (Msb.) And جَهِلَ فُلَانٌ رَأْيَهُ [i. q. سَفِهَ رَأُيَهُ, He was ignorant, or silly, or foolish, in his opinion, or judgment]. (Sh, TA.) And جَهِلَ الحَقَّ He neglected the truth, or the right, or due; [or he ignored it;] syn. أَضَاعَهُ. (Msb.) See also 6. ― -b2- جَهِلَتِ القِدْرُ (tropical:) The cooking-pot boiled vehemently; contr. of تَحَلَّمَت. (TA.)

, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَجْهِيلٌ, (S, K,) He attributed to him جَهْل [or ignorance, &c.]. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- And He caused him to fall into جَهْل. (TA.)

The acting with levity, and in an ignorant or a silly or foolish manner, with any one. (KL.) [You say, جاهلهُ, meaning He so acted with him.]

He feigned, or made a false show of, جَهْل [or ignorance, &c.]. (S, K.) And ↓ جَهِلَ عَلَيْهِ He feigned ignorance [to him]. (K.)

He reckoned him, or esteemed him, جَاهِل [or ignorant, &c.]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- He, or it, excited him to lightness, or levity, and unsteadiness. (S, K.) ― -b3- اِسْتجْهَلَتِ الرِّيحُ الغُصْنَ (tropical:) The wind put the branch into a state of commotion. (K, TA.)

an inf. n. of 1: Ignorance; contr. of عِلْمٌ: (S, Msb, * K: *) [and silliness, or foolishness: and wrong conduct: (see 1:)] it is of two kinds; namely, simple, which is the non-existence of knowledge of that which should be known; and compound, which is a decisive belief not agreeable with the fact, or reality: so accord. to Ibn-El-Kemál: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, it is of three kinds; namely, the mind's voidness of knowledge, which is the primary meaning; and the believing a thing to be different from what it is; and the doing a thing in a manner different from that in which it ought to be done: or, accord. to El-Harállee, the proceeding in dubious affairs without knowledge. (TA.) It is said in a prov., كَفِى بِالشَّكِّ جُهْلًا [Doubt is sufficient ignorance]. (Msb.) And it is said in a trad., إِنَّ مِنَ العِلْمِ جَهْلًا [Verily there is, among the kinds of knowledge, what is ignorance]: this is one's learning what is not requisite, and neglecting what is requisite; or a learned man's affecting, or pretending, a knowledge of that which he does not know. (TA.)

: see الجَاهِلِيَّةُ. :جَهُولٌ see what next follows.

and ↓ جَهُولٌ, [but the latter has an intensive signification,] Ignorant: (Msb, K:) and silly, or foolish, in conduct: and wrong in conduct: (Msb:) [characterized by جَهْل in any of the senses assigned to this word above:] pl. جُهَّالٌ (K, KL) and جُهْلٌ and جُهُلٌ and جُهَّلٌ and جُهَلَآءُ: (K:) see جَاهِلِىٌّ. The former epithet is mostly used in dispraise: but sometimes not in dispraise; as in the saying [in the Kur ii. 274], يَجْسِبُهُمُ الجَاهِلُ أَغْنِيَآءَ i. e., The ignorant of their [real] state [would reckon them possessed of competence]. (TA.) هُوَ جَاهِلٌ مِنْهُ means هو جاهل بِهِ, (K, TA,) i. e., He is ignorant [of him, or it, or] of his, or its, state, or condition. (TA.) ― -b2- الجَاهِلُ The lion (K, TA) that is ignorant of the prey. (TA.) [In the CK, وَالجَاهِلُ الاَسَدُ is a mistake for وَالجَاهِلُ الأَسَدُ.]

: see جَيْهَلَةٌ. -A2- Also Great as an epithet applied to a smooth rock (صَفَاةٌ). (K.)

(IDrd, JK, K) and ↓ جَيْهَلٌ and ↓ مِجْهَلٌ (IDrd, K) and ↓ مِجْهَلَةٌ (K) A piece of wood with which one stirs live, or burning, coals (جَمْر), (JK, K, TA,) or wine (خَمْر); (so in some copies of the K;) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.)

[A pagan; a pagan Arab; one of those who are called collectively ↓ الجَاهِليَّةٌ; and sometimes ↓ مُخَضُرَمُون, pl. of شَاهِدٌ: and particularly, a pagan poet;] a poet of the first, or earliest, of the four classes which are ranked in chronological order; of the class which was succeeded next by the مُخَضْرَمُون. (Mz, 49th نوع.) [See also شَاهِدٌ.]

: see what next precedes. ― -b2- [Also, or] ↓ الجَاهِلِيَّةُ الجَهْلَآءُ, (JK, S, K,) in which the latter word is a corroborative, (S, K,) as in لَيْلَةٌ لَيْلَآءُ &c., (S,) [The time, or state, of ignorance, or paganism; or of intense ignorance;] the time of the فَتْرَة [or cessation of the mission of apostles, and of the effacement of the signs of their religion]. (JK.) One says, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى الجَاهِلِيَّةِ الجَهْلَآءِ [That was in the time, or state, of paganism, or of intense ignorance]. (S.)